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NFS Overview, History, Versions and Standards
(Page 3 of 3)
NFS Versions and Standards
Since it was initially designed and
marketed by Sun, NFS began as a de
facto standard. The first widespread version
of NFS was version 2, and this is still the most common version of the
protocol. NFS version 2 was eventually codified as an official TCP/IP
standard when RFC 1094, NFS: Network File System Protocol Specification,
was published in 1989.
NFS Version 3 was subsequently developed,
and published in 1995 as RFC 1813, NFS Version 3 Protocol Specification.
It is similar to version 2 but makes a few changes and adds some new
capabilities. These include support for larger file transfers, better
support for setting file attributes, and several new file access and
manipulation procedures. NFS version 3 also provides support for larger
files than version 2 did.
NFS Version 4 was published in 2000
as RFC 3010, NFS version 4 Protocol. Where version 3 of
NFS contained only relatively small changes to version 2, NFSv4 is virtually
a rewrite of NFS. It includes numerous changes, most notably the following:
- Reflecting the needs of modern internetworking,
NFSv4 puts greater emphasis on security.
- NFSv4 introduces the concept of a Compound
procedure, which allows several simpler procedures to be sent from a
client to server as a group.
- NFSv4 almost doubles the number of individual
procedures that a client can use in accessing a file on an NFS server.
- Version 4 also makes a significant change in
messaging, with the specification of TCP
as the transport protocol for NFS.
- Finally, NFS integrates the functions of the
Mount protocol into the basic NFS protocol, eliminating it as a separate
protocol as it is in versions 2 and 3.
The version 4 standard also has a
lot more details about implementation and optional features than the
earlier standardsit's 275 pages long. So much for simplicity!
J RFC 3010 was
later updated by RFC 3530, Network File System (NFS) version 4
Protocol, in April 2003. This standard makes several further
revisions and clarifications to the operation of NFS version 4.
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Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005
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