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DNS Overview, History and Standards
(Page 2 of 3)
Standardization of DNS and Initial Defining Standards
The documents above were discussed
frequently over the months that followed, and the basic DNS mechanism
revised many times. Several subsequent RFCs were published, updating
the DNS cut-over plan and schedule. Finally, in November 1987, agreement
on the operation of the system was finalized and a quartet
of new RFCs were published that formalized the DNS system for the first
time. These standards are RFCs 1032 through 1035, shown in Table 163.
Table 163: Initial Standards Defining The TCP/IP Domain Name System (DNS)
RFC Number
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Name
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Description
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1032
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Domain
Administrators Guide
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Specifies administrative procedures
and policies for those running a domain.
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1033
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Domain
Administrators Operations Guide
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Provides technical
details on how to operate a DNS server, including how to maintain portions
of the DNS distributed database of names.
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1034
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Domain
Names - Concepts and Facilities
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Replaces RFC 882, providing an
introduction and conceptual description of DNS.
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1035
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Domain
Names - Implementation and Specification
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An update to
RFC 883, specifying how DNS works in detail, including resource record
definitions, message types, master file format, and resolver and name
server implementation details.
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These last two documents,
RFCs 1034 and 1035, are considered the definitive original specification
for the operation of the Domain Name System. While they are now many
years old, they still provide the essential description of how DNS works.
DNS has quickly become a very important
part of how both the Internet and TCP/IP work. As the Internet has grown
to include thousands and then millions of sites, the importance of DNS
has grown as well. Today, most people use DNS almost every time they
use TCP/IP to access the Internet. It has gone from an alternative form
of addressing for applications to one that is preferred by most users.
It is an important building block of the more complete application
layer addressing scheme developed for TCP/IP: Uniform
Resource Identifiers (URIs).
The hierarchical nature of the DNS
name space is the only thing that has
allowed the Internet to grow while making the assignment and mapping
of names manageable. The authority
structure is also hierarchical, giving
local administrators control over the names of devices they manage while
ensuring name consistency across the hierarchy as a whole. The distribution
of data using many name servers and a standardized resolution technique
following a standard message protocol provides efficiency and reliability.
These concepts will become more clear as we explore DNS more completely
in later topics.
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Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005
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