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Internet Registration Authorities and Registries (IANA, ICANN, APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC, RIPE NCC)
(Page 3 of 3)
Modern Hierarchy of Registration Authorities
In the original classful
IP addressing scheme, addresses were assigned
to organizations directly by IANA in address blocks: Class A, Class
B and Class C addresses. Today, a hierarchical, classless addressing
system called Classless
Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) is used instead.
Address assignment in CIDR involves the hierarchical allocation of blocks
of addresses, starting with large blocks that are given to big organizations,
which split them to assign to smaller groups. (Much more detail on these
methods can be found in the large section
on IP addressing.)
IANA, as the organization in charge
of all IP addresses, assigns the largest blocks of addresses to regional
Internet registries (RIRs) that are responsible for further allocation
activities. Each RIR manages IP addresses and other Internet number
resources (such as autonomous
system numbers) for a particular region.
The four regional registries are:
- Asia Pacific Network Information Centre (APNIC):
Covers the Asia/Pacific region.
- American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN):
Manages North America, part of the Caribbean, and sub-equatorial Africa.
- Latin American and Caribbean Internet Addresses
Registry (LACNIC): Responsible for Latin America and part of the
Caribbean.
- Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination
Center (RIPE NCC): Takes care of Europe, the Middle East, Central
Asia, and Africa north of the equator.
Each registry may assign address
blocks to Internet service providers (ISPs) directly, or further delegate
them to national Internet registries (NIRs) or smaller local
Internet registries (LIRs). See
the topic on IP address allocation issues for more details.
Name registration has changed over
the last several years. It is no longer part of IANAs responsibilities,
and ICANN has opened up the name registration business so it is no longer
the province of a single organization such as InterNIC/Network Solutions/Verisign.
Now, many different accredited registrars can be used for name registration
in many of the popular top-level domains. This
is discussed in the topic on DNS public registration.
On The Web: The complete list of documents containing Internet and TCP/IP protocol parameters can be found on the IANAs web site at: http://www.iana.org/numbers.html |
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The TCP/IP Guide (http://www.TCPIPGuide.com)
Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005
© Copyright 2001-2005 Charles M. Kozierok. All Rights Reserved.
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