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TCP/IP Border Gateway Protocol (BGP/BGP-4)
Modern TCP/IP internetworks are comprised
of autonomous systems (ASes) that are run independently. Each may use
an interior
routing protocol such as RIP, OSPF, IGRP
or EIGRP to select routes between networks within the AS. To form larger
internetworks, and especially the mother of all internetworks,
the Internet, these autonomous systems must be connected together. This
requires use of a consistent exterior routing protocol that all ASes
can agree upon, and in today's TCP/IP that protocol is the Border
Gateway Protocol (BGP).
In this section I describe the characteristics,
general operation and detailed operation of the Border Gateway Protocol
(BGP). The discussion is divided into two subsections. The first provides
an overview and general look at the operation of BGP, including a discussion
of key concepts such as topology, neighbor relationships, route determination
and general messaging. The second gives a more detailed analysis of
the different message types and how they are used, and describes the
format of each message as well.
BGP is another in the rather large
group of protocols and technologies that is so complex it would take
dozens of topics to do justice. Therefore, I include here my somewhat
standard disclaimer that you will find in this section only a relatively
high-level look at BGP. You will need to refer to the BGP standards
(described
in the topic on BGP standards and versions)
if you need more details.
Note: The current version of BGP is version 4, also called BGP-4. This is the only version widely used today, so unless otherwise indicated, assume BGP-4 wherever you see BGP. |
Quick navigation to subsections and regular topics in this section
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The TCP/IP Guide (http://www.TCPIPGuide.com)
Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005
© Copyright 2001-2005 Charles M. Kozierok. All Rights Reserved.
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