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TCP/IP Communication Verification Utility (ping/ping6)
(Page 5 of 5)
ping Options and Parameters
All ping implementations include
a number of options and parameters that allow an administrator to fine-tune
how it works. They allow ping to be used for more extensive or
specific types of testing. For example, ping can be set in a
mode where it sends Echo messages continually, to check for an
intermittent problem over a long period of time. You can also increase
the size of the messages sent or the frequency with which they are transmitted,
to test the ability of the local network to handle large amounts of
traffic.
As always, the exact features of
the ping program are implementation-dependent; even though UNIX
and Windows systems often include many of the same options, they usually
use completely different option codes. Table 285
shows some of the more important options that are often defined for
the utility on many UNIX systems, and where appropriate, the parameters
supplied with the option. Table 286
shows a comparable table for a typical Windows system.
Table 285: Common UNIX ping Utility Options and Parameters
Option
/ Parameters
|
Description
|
-c <count>
|
Specifies the number of Echo
messages that should be sent.
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-f
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Flood mode;
sends Echo packets at high speed to stress-test a network. This
can cause serious problems if not used carefully!
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-i <wait-interval>
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Tells the utility how long to
wait between transmissions.
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-m <ttl-value>
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Overrides the
default Time
To Live (TTL) value for outgoing Echo
messages.
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-n
|
Numeric output only; suppresses
lookups of DNS host names to save time.
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-p <pattern>
|
Allows a byte
pattern to be specified for inclusion in the transmitted Echo
messages. This can be useful for diagnosing certain odd problems that
may only occur with certain types of transmissions.
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-q
|
Quiet output; only summary lines
are displayed at the start and end of the programs execution,
while the lines for each individual message are suppressed.
|
-R
|
Tells the utility
to include the Record Route IP
option, so the route taken by the ICMP
Echo message can be displayed. This option is not supported by
all implementations; the traceroute
utility is usually a better idea.
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-s <packet-size>
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Specifies the size of outgoing
message to use.
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-S <src-addr>
|
On devices
that have multiple IP interfaces (addresses), allows a ping sent from
one interface to use an address from one of the others.
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-t <timeout>
|
Specifies a timeout period, in
seconds, after which the ping utility will terminate, regardless
of how many requests or replies have been sent or received.
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Table 286: Common Windows ping Utility Options and Parameters
Option
/ Parameters
|
Description
|
-a
|
If the target device is specified
as an IP address, force the address to be resolved to a DNS host name
and displayed.
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-f
|
Sets the Dont
Fragment bit in the outgoing datagram.
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-i <ttl-value>
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Specifies the TTL
value to be used for outgoing Echo messages.
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-j <host-list>
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Sends the outgoing
messages using the specified loose
source route.
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-k <host-list>
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Sends the outgoing messages using
the indicated strict
source route.
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-l <buffer-size>
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Specifies the
size of the data field in the transmitted Echo messages.
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-n <count>
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Tells the utility how many Echo
messages to send.
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-r <count>
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Specifies the
use of the Record Route IP option and the number of hops to be
recorded. As with the corresponding UNIX -R option, the
traceroute utility is usually preferable.
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-s <count>
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Specifies the use of the IP Timestamp
option to record the arrival time of the Echo and Echo Reply
messages.
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-t
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Sends Echo
messages continuously until the program is interrupted.
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-w <timeout>
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Specifies how long the program
should wait for each Echo Reply before giving up, in milliseconds
(default is 4000, for 4 seconds).
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The ping6 Utility
The IPv6 version of ping,
sometimes called ping6, works in very much the same way as IPv4
ping. The main differences between the two utilities are that
ping6s options and parameters reflect the changes
made in addressing and routing in IPv6.
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Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005
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