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BGP Overview, History, Standards and Versions
(Page 2 of 4)
BGP Evolution, Versions and Defining Standards
Due to the importance of a protocol
that spans the Internet, work continued on BGP for many years after
the initial standard was published. The developers of BGP had to correct
problems with the initial protocol, refine BGP's operation, improve
efficiency, and add features. It was also necessary to make adjustments
to allow BGP to keep pace with other changes in the TCP/IP protocol
suite, such as the invention of classless
addressing and routing.
The result of this ongoing work is
that BGP has evolved through several versions and standards. These are
sometimes called BGP-N where N is the version number.
Table 133
shows the history of BGP standards, providing the RFC numbers and names
and a brief summary of the changes made in each version.
Table 133: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Versions and Defining Standards
RFC Number
|
Date
|
Name
|
BGP Version
|
Description
|
1105
|
June 1989
|
A Border
Gateway Protocol (BGP)
|
BGP-1
|
Initial definition of the BGP
protocol.
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1163
|
June
1990
|
A
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
|
BGP-2
|
This version
cleaned up several issues with BGP-1, and refined the meaning and use
of several of the message types. It also added the important concept
of path attributes, which communicate information about routes.
BGP-1 was designed around the notion of a directional topology, with
certain routers being up, down or horizontal
relative to each other; BGP-2 removed this concept, making BGP better
suited to an arbitrary AS topology.
Note that the RFC title is not a typo; they didn't put version
2 in the title.
|
1267
|
October 1991
|
Border
Gateway Protocol 3 (BGP-3)
|
BGP-3
|
This version optimized and simplified
route information exchange, adding an identification capability to the
messages used to establish BGP communications, and incorporating several
other improvements and corrections.
(They left the A off the title of this one for some reason.
J)
|
1654
|
July
1994
|
A
Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)
|
BGP-4
|
Initial standard
for BGP-4, revised in RFC 1771. See just below.
|
1771
|
March 1995
|
A Border
Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)
|
BGP-4
|
Current standard for BGP-4. The
primary change in BGP-4 is support for Classless
Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR). The protocol
was changed to allow prefixes to be specified that represent a set of
aggregated networks. Other minor improvements were also made to the
protocol.
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As you might imagine, changing
the version of a protocol like BGP is not an easy undertaking. Any modification
of the protocol would require the coordination of many different organizations.
The larger the Internet grows, the more difficult this would be. As
a result, despite frequent version changes in the early 1990s, BGP-4
remains today the current version of the standard, and is the one that
is widely used. Unless otherwise specified, any mention of BGP in this
Guide refers to BGP-4.
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Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005
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